Each kidney is connected to the bladder in the lower abdomen by a tube called the ureter.
Formation of Urine:
Urea, excess water, and ions not needed by the body pass down the renal tubule into the kidney’s pelvis.
The fluid, now termed urine, flows through the ureter to the bladder.
Storage and Excretion:
The bladder expands to hold approximately 400 cm3 of urine.
A sphincter muscle contracts to prevent urine from escaping the bladder.
When the sphincter relaxes voluntarily (controlled by adults) or reflexively (in babies), the bladder’s muscular walls expel urine through the urethra.
Most children can voluntarily control the sphincter muscle by the age of 3.
Excretion of Urea:
Urea produced in the liver is released into the bloodstream and transported to the kidneys. In the kidneys, urea is filtered out of the blood and excreted from the body through urine. This process helps maintain nitrogen balance in the body.
