Placenta

The placenta is a disc-shaped organ intricately attached to the uterine wall, playing a pivotal role in supporting fetal development.

Function: 

• Provides essential nutrients and oxygen to the growing fetus.
• Removes waste products from the fetal blood circulation.
• Produces hormones crucial for the maintenance of a healthy pregnancy.

Amniotic Sac

The amniotic sac is a membranous structure filled with fluid that envelops and protects the developing fetus.

Function: 

• Provides a protective barrier around the fetus. 
• Regulates temperature within the environment. 
• Allows for symmetrical growth and movement of the fetus.

Amniotic Fluid

Clear and watery, amniotic fluid is a key component within the amniotic sac, contributing to the overall protective environment of the developing fetus.

Function: 

• Acts as a cushion, protecting the fetus from external forces. 
• Promotes the development of the fetal lung and digestive systems. 
• Facilitates symmetrical growth and movement throughout gestation.

Function of the Placenta and Umbilical Cord in Nutrient and Gas Exchange: